Abstract In this study, we propose a system to recognize the finger-lifting electroencephalogram (EEG) data. Combined with independent component analysis (ICA) and feature extraction, fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering is used to discriminate between left and right finger movement without supervision. ICA is used to eliminate the electrooculography (EOG) artifacts. Wavelet-fractal features are then extracted from wavelet data via fractal dimension. FCM clustering is... In this study, we propose a system to recognize the finger-lifting electroencephalogram (EEG) data. Combined with independent component analysis (ICA) and feature extraction, fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering is used to discriminate between left and right finger movement without supervision. ICA is used to eliminate the electrooculography (EOG) artifacts. Wavelet-fractal features are then extracted from wavelet data via fractal dimension. FCM clustering is used for feature discrimination. It is an unsupervised approach suitable for the applications of biomedical signals. After EOG artifact removal, the performance is improved for all subjects. Read More Read Less

Abstract Objective - The reported investigation aimed to assess the performance of services that offer search by image on the Internet / WWW to find copies of a known image. The motivation is that finding copies of an image can be useful for several purposes, while search by image is a relatively new method that allows finding such images and that is offered... Objective - The reported investigation aimed to assess the performance of services that offer search by image on the Internet / WWW to find copies of a known image. The motivation is that finding copies of an image can be useful for several purposes, while search by image is a relatively new method that allows finding such images and that is offered free of charge by a few Internet search services. Furthermore, the context of each revealed image copy may yield relevant information. Methods - Various images have been used in empirical case studies. Results - Finding copies is positioned in a structured view of applications of reverse image searching. The concept ‘copy’ is clarified and sharpened. Data have been collected regarding the performance of several contemporary services to find copies of an image, namely TinEye, Google and Yandex. Conclusions - The reported findings have revealed significant differences in the number of copies discovered and in the precision of the search results. Therefore, all this may be helpful for users / practitioners to select and apply an appropriate image search service to reveal copies of an image and even information that is related to the image. Read More Read Less

Abstract State-of-the-art evolutionary algorithms and related search heuristics are well suited to solve problems from industry. Unfortunately, easy to use graphical user interfaces (GUI) are not available for many algorithms. We claim that the availability of well-designed GUIs might increase the acceptance of these algorithms in the real-world domain. The spotGUI R-package, which is introduced in this paper, provides a GUI for the already... State-of-the-art evolutionary algorithms and related search heuristics are well suited to solve problems from industry. Unfortunately, easy to use graphical user interfaces (GUI) are not available for many algorithms. We claim that the availability of well-designed GUIs might increase the acceptance of these algorithms in the real-world domain. The spotGUI R-package, which is introduced in this paper, provides a GUI for the already well-established SPOT package. It includes state-of-the-art algorithms and modeling techniques that can be used without the requirement of optimization or programming knowledge. Using the spotGUI in industry, as well as education, delivered first promising results. Read More Read Less